The Remarkable History of Diphtheria
Introduction to DiphtheriaDiphtheria is a bacterium that infects humans and is often given serious attention due to the illnesses it can cause. It typically affects small children, the elderly, and those who have compromised immune systems.Cases of diphtheria, however, have been recorded throughout history, with the first recorded cases dating back to 3000 B.C. in Egypt.Development of DiphtheriaDiphtheria is a contagious infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a type of bacteria. It can be very serious, often causing a thick coating to form in the back of the throat. It can damage the heart, kidneys, and nervous system.In the early stages, symptoms of the condition can be difficult to diagnose. Common symptoms can include sore throat, fever, coughing, and swollen lymph nodes. One of the most dangerous aspects of diphtheria is that it can cause respiratory distress and even death.Historical Outbreaks and TreatmentHistorically, diphtheria outbreaks have been recorded as early as 3000 B.C., and prevalence throughout the ages has included Greece, Rome, Africa, and Europe. During the 1800s, there was an outbreak of diphtheria in the United States, with tens of thousands of cases being reported.Fortunately, treatments for diphtheria have improved greatly over time. An effective prevention is a vaccination known as the diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) vaccine, which is often given to infants and children.Enduring Effects of DiphtheriaDespite the advances in diphtheria treatments, the impact of diphtheria can still be felt today. Areas of the world, especially in developing countries, still see outbreaks, often due to limited medical resources or weak immunizations.Though diphtheria is not as common in the U.S. and much of the world, it's important to remember its history and to remain vigilant in spreading awareness, preventing future outbreaks, and ensuring proper treatments are available to those in need.