What You Need to Know About Diphtheria
Understanding DiphtheriaDiphtheria is an infectious bacterial disease that affects the nose, throat, and other membranes in the body. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae and is highly contagious. A person can become infected simply by coming into contact with saliva or respiratory secretions of an infected individual. Although the disease is rarely seen in the United States, it is still important to know about it, as serious complications can arise if not properly treated.Symptoms of DiphtheriaThe most common symptom of diphtheria is a grayish-white coating on the throat and tonsils. Other signs of infection include: Sore throat Difficulty swallowing Swollen neck glands Fever Chills WeaknessComplicationsIf left untreated, diphtheria can lead to serious and even life-threatening complications. These can include: Damage to the nervous system Respiratory failure Heart failure Myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) Damage to the kidneysPreventionThe best way to protect yourself and your loved ones from diphtheria is to get vaccinated. All children in the United States should get a diphtheria vaccination as part of their routine immunization schedule. The vaccine is safe and effective, and helps prevent the spread of diphtheria.TreatmentIf a person is diagnosed with diphtheria, they will need to be treated with antibiotics. This is done to stop the bacteria from spreading and to prevent the infection from becoming more severe. In addition, a person with diphtheria may also require supportive care, such as intravenous fluids and oxygen therapy, to treat the symptoms.OutlookMost people who receive prompt treatment make a full recovery from diphtheria. In some cases, however, the infection can be life-threatening. It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of diphtheria, and to seek medical attention as soon as possible if you or someone you know experiences any of the symptoms.